Schipperke

At a Glance

Temperament

Schipperkes are spirited, curious, and alert little dogs with big personalities packed into compact frames. Originally bred as small shepherds in Belgium, they're energetic and intelligent with a strong instinct to work and explore. Despite their diminutive size, they're surprisingly bold and fearless, making excellent watchdogs for their size. They thrive on activity and engagement, and without proper exercise and mental stimulation, they can become destructive or problematic.

History

The Schipperke originated in Flanders during the 1600s and became recognized as a formal breed in the 1880s, with their breed standard established in 1889. Their name means "little shepherd" in Flemish, reflecting their historical role as small herding dogs in the areas of Leuven and Brussels, though they were sometimes seen on barges. DNA research has confirmed their close relationship to the Spitz family. Much of their early history was documented in the French magazine Chasse et Pêche, with articles translated and published in English periodicals like The Stockkeeper.

Health Notes

The Schipperke is generally a healthy breed with a median lifespan of 13 years and some individuals living into their late teens. However, they are prone to specific orthopedic issues including luxating patella and Legg-Perthes syndrome, and some demonstrate epilepsy tendencies. A genetic mutation called MPS IIIB occurs in up to 15% of the breed population and causes serious neurological problems; regular exercise and proper weight management are essential to prevent joint and health issues.

Fun Facts

• The name "Schipperke" can mean either "little boatman" or "little shepherd" depending on the regional Flemish dialect.
• They were historically called "Spitzke" or "Moorke" (meaning "little black") before the Schipperke name became official.
• A Schipperke's distinctive long neck ruff and rear "culottes" (longer fur on hind legs) are defining breed characteristics.
• DNA research shows Schipperkes have a rising rate of inbreeding in their population, making genetic health screening important.
• The breed's primary orthopedic condition, MPS IIIB, is unique to Schipperkes and has no known cure or treatment.